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advanced science，2025
abstract
prompted by health and environmental concerns over chemical pesticides, insect sex pheromones offer a promising eco-friendly pest control alternative. however, their high volatility and degradability cause instability, which hinders widespread use. currently, most pheromone carriers (e.g., commercial rubber) suffer from short release cycles, non-degradability, and non-recyclability, creating a need for sustainable alternatives. the study developed an insect pheromone sustained-release carrier using a cellulose acetate matrix fabricated via direct ink writing. the incorporation of lignin sulfonate and fe3 ions improved the carrier's mechanical strength and release performance. the 3d-printed carriers achieved over 90% encapsulation efficiency and provided sustained release for up to six weeks. compared to commercial rubber carriers, they exhibit higher cumulative trapping effectiveness against grapholita molesta, catching 53 ± 6 insects over six weeks, versus 38 ± 4 for the rubber carrier. they also demonstrate a soil cumulative degradation rate of 20.4 ± 0.8% within 105 days, indicating environmental sustainability. notably, the carrier can be physically recycled and reprinted. the reprinted carrier maintains an encapsulation efficiency of 92.8 ± 3.4% and bioactivity. this novel 3d-printed system combines rapid production, degradability, and recyclability, offering a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional pest control and supporting green agricultural innovation.
advanced science，if=14.1
